William Edward Burghardt Du Bois Essay - 1333 Words

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, born in 1868, was a scholar, activist, and philosopher, born into the era of Reconstruction and lynching. Though he accomplished much in his life, Du Bois is largely known for helping found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and writing one of the most prominent works in American critical race theory, The Souls of Black Folk. Du Bois made it his life’s work to contest racism through self-assertion, humanize black people across the globe, and find a way to integrate black society and white American society. Much of his rhetoric focused on â€Å"double consciousness† and â€Å"the veil,† separate but closely related concepts that Du Bois used to describe the experience of Americans, both black and white. While Du Bois passed away a mere day before the March on Washington in 1963, his rhetoric remains vital to anti-racist philosophy; for today, Americans live in an age of colorblind racism. It is a commonly held amongst white Americans belief that all Americans are treated equally and fairly, often citing the civil rights movements of the 1960’s in which the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968 came to be. However, as of 2016, 42% of black Americans are dissatisfied in regards to how they are treated, while a mere 15% of white Americans are dissatisfied with the treatment of black Americans.1 Much of Du Bois’ rhetoric focused on education; more specifically, how to use the role of institutions,Show MoreRelatedWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois1208 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois, otherwise known as W.E.B Du Bois, accordingly introduced the idea of â€Å"double-consciousness† which he described to be a person whose identity can be â€Å"merged into a unity that they and the nation could be proud,† as stated in The Norton Anthology of African American Literature by Henry Louis Gates and Valerie Smith (Gates and Smith, page 682). Throughout history, the stories behind the lives of African American’s has been recognized as a tough, ongoing battle. TheRead MoreWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois1252 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born to Alfred and Mary Silvina Du Bois on February 23rd, 1868 in Great Barrington Massachusetts. While he grew up an African-American in a mostly white community, he attended an integrated school and excelled there. When he was old enough, his neighbors and church raised enough money for him to attend Fisk University in Nashville from 1885 to 1888. Because he had never been south before, this is where he first experienced racial prejudice and Jim Crow laws.Read MoreWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois1020 Words   |  5 PagesMalik Hart August 20, 2015 Research Paper William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was one of the most important activist in the early 20th century. He was born February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. In 1885 Du Bois came across his first encounter with the Jim Crow laws. He went to Harvard to receive his masters and before completing his masters he was offered an opportunity to study abroad in Berlin. Du Bois is known for many of his accomplishments such as being one of the most importantRead MoreWilliam Edward Burghardt (. B. ) Du Bois1085 Words   |  5 Pages William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois was a successful author of many books and an accomplished student. He supported women s rights and the equality of African-American people. He had a pretty ordinary childhood, but his adult life was full of many accomplishments. He began to show a love and talent for reading and writing at a young age and this continued throughout his life. W.E.B. was born February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, a mostly European American townRead MoreEssay William Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois3534 Words   |  15 PagesWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois – known simply as W.E.B. – was 83 when the government indicted him as a foreign agent in 1951. The only crime he had committed, however, was circulating the Stockholm Appeal, which said any government to use an atomic weapon against another country should be treated as a war criminal. After spending six months in disgrace and paying $35,150 for his defense, the government dismissed its case against him. TheRead MoreCrying Of The Soul By William Edward Burghardt Du Bois708 Words   |  3 Pageshuman and real!† W.E.B. Du Bois. Ghana Calls is a Poem written by William Edward Burghardt Du Bois. He is also formally known as W.E.B. Du Bois. â€Å"He has been referred to as the father of the civil rights movement and as a historian, a sociologist, a scholar, a teacher, a novelist, and a journalist†(Hufford D 1997). This poem was dedicated to Kwame Nkrumah. Kwame Nkrumah was the Ghanaian leader who declared Ghana independence from Great Britain (UK). Many of W.E.B. Du Bois literary work was devotedRead MoreThe Ideals and Philosophies of William Edward Burghardt Du Bois1487 Words   |  6 Pages William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born on February 23, 1868, in Massachusetts where he stayed to earn his Ph. D in History. Although growing up in the more tolerant North, Du Bois realized, at an early age, skin color will always be an issue. His dedication and love of learning empowered him with the feeling that through education it would one day be possible to breach the color line. His position as a Harvard graduate and his love for education meant that he was able to travel throughoutRead MoreBooker T Washington And William Edward Burghardt Du Bois894 Words   |  4 PagesB. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois arose to accomplish one goal, education for all African Americans. throughout the turn of the century, between the years 1895 and 1915 there have been several theories on how African Americans were about to attain first-class citizenship. With 2 separate views on a way to accomplish this goal, the African American community was split in half on who to support. whereas Booker T. Washington believed in industrial and agricultural labor, W.E.B. William Edward BurghardtRead MoreWilliam Edward Burghardt, Du Bois And Dorothy E. Smith Essay2350 Words   |  10 Pagesfew are William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B) Du bois and Dorothy E. Smith. Although they faced different challenges and have faced different forms of discrimination, we can see how both of their theories are very similar (and somewhat different) from one another. Because of them, we are able to think about the real issues of our society and its effects on an individual. William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B) Du bois was a sociologist, author, and civil rights leader born during the late 1860’s. Du bois was theRead MoreEducator and Human Rights Activist, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois1147 Words   |  5 Pagesfor centuries. Born on February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts William Edward Burghardt Du Bois’s official job titles were to include educator, civil rights activist and journalist (Bolden, 2008). He was known as a social reformer to the psychology world and had practiced social sciences in college. He attended many universities over his career that included Harvard, Fisk and the University of Berlin (Du Bois, 1986). In 1895 he became the very first African American to gain the status

Meaning of Baron Through Medieval Times and After

In the Middle Ages, baron was a title of honor given to any nobleman who pledged his loyalty and service to a superior in return for land that he could pass on to his heirs. The monarch was usually the superior in question, although each baron could parcel out some of his land to subordinate barons. Read on the learn about the etymology of the term and how the title has changed over the centuries. The Origins of Baron The term baron is an Old French, or Old Frankish, a word that means man or servant. This Old French term derives from the Late Latin word, baro. Barons in Medieval Times Baron was a hereditary title that arose in the Middle Ages that was given men who offered his loyalty in exchange for land. Thus, barons usually possessed a fief. During this time period, there was no specific rank associated with the title. Barons existed in Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. Decline of the Baron Title In France, King Louis XIV diminished the prestige of the baron title by making numerous men barons, thus cheapening the name.   In Germany, the equivalent of a baron was freiherr, or free lord. Freiherr at first connoted a dynastic status, but eventually, the more influential freiherrs  rebranded themselves as counts. Thus, the freiherr title came to mean a low class of nobility.   The baron title was abolished in Italy in 1945 and in Spain in 1812. Modern Usage Barons are still a term used by certain governments. Today a baron is a title of nobility ranking just below that of a viscount. In countries where there are no viscounts, a baron ranks just below a count.

Mt 355 Unit 2 Free Essays

Kinshasa Abroad – African Cuisine and Culture Jennifer Johnson MT/355 – Marketing Research Theodore Alex 5/1/2012 Introduction The purpose of this paper is to refer to the case Kinshasa Abroad – African Cuisine and Culture, define the problems that appear regarding this case, and trying to find answers and solutions to these problems. As it can be noticed in the case, there are marketing problems regarding this business. There are two questions that need to be addressed. We will write a custom essay sample on Mt 355 Unit 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first question is about the type of information that needs to be collected to help diagnose the marketing problem in this case. The second question, however, it is interesting because it asks to create a list of probing questions that should be asked the owner of the restaurant to help him specify research problems and also the manager’s decision problem. Kinshasa Abroad The case goes this way. Youlou Kabasella is an African entrepreneur that had a business running in his own country. It was a restaurant that was opened for more that 14 years. However, since the political context was not advantageous, the owner decided to move with his family in the United States. He manages to open the same business he had in his home country, in the downtown area of Columbus, Ohio. However, the strategy chosen by the entrepreneur with respect to his business may not be appropriate since it does not show any positive results. He considered keeping most of the aspects of his business similar to his home country. The paper tries to identify the problem and spot certain solutions through marketing research. Before getting deeper into this concept, the term marketing research must be defined. According to Churchill, Brown, and Suter (2008), marketing research represents the function that connects the consumers to the marketer through information that is used in identifying and defining marketing problems and also opportunities. Marketing research helps generating, refining, and valuating marketing actions; it helps monitoring performance and it enhances the understanding of marketing as a complete process. A research consultant requires various valuable data from Mr. Kabasella to identify the problem of his inefficiency. At first, a marketing consultant would require Kabasella information about his advertising and promotion practices, about the local customer preferences and habits, precise information about the prices and his menu and business activities, and other information as well. Here is a list of questions that a marketing consultant addresses Kabasella to help him with his business problems: 1. How come most of your products are African based? 2. Why did you choose to advertise without using the most important advertising mean which is the Internet? 3. Did you consider doing a marketing analysis to determine your potential competition in this area? 4. Did you consider offering free meals or other points of attraction to try and increase the number of customers? 5. Did you consider selling more local products? Conclusion These from above are only few of the potential questions that a marketing researcher needs to ask the employer to help him with his problems. The marketing researcher needs to focus identifying the competition for this company; it also needs to focus on advertisements and promotion to include the company in the list of the customers. The will have to find the proper marketing mix, which refers to product, place, price, and promotion (the four Ps of marketing) to help the company become more efficient and profitable. It clearly needs to add more local meals and drinks to its menu; it needs to use and promote local bands in the restaurant because clients would come and serve meals that they are aware of (at first), and then they may try to choose the African specialties. There are many elements to be considered; the solution to this case is not difficult to be identified and implemented. Reference Churchill, G. A. , Brown, T. J. , Suter, T. A. (2008). Basic Marketing Research (7th Ed. ). Cengage Learning. How to cite Mt 355 Unit 2, Essay examples

Japanese Temple Architecture Essay Example For Students

Japanese Temple Architecture Essay Architecture has always been a reflection of nations customs and traditions. According to Robert Treat Paine et. al. (1955), ancient religious architectural monuments of Japan are Shinto and Buddhist places of worship like shrines, monasteries and temples. Temple architecture in Japan began to develop shortly after the spreading of basic doctrines of Buddhism in the middle of the VI century from the Korean state Paekche. Buddhist belief was not only a new and very profound philosophy for Japanese, but one of the most impressive examples of a developed culture of the Asian continent. By the end of the VI century Japan has built up impressive monasteries based on the continental model, and by mid-VIII century it has developed a national system of building temples. Pagoda was the main element of Buddhist religious architecture. Like other buildings of the temple, this element was complex because of the sculptural and pictorial images saved as a real line with the ideas of faith. During the classical (VIII-XII cc.) and the medieval (XIII-XVI cc.) periods Buddhist architecture was leading in introduction of new structural and ornamental features. Thus, the Buddhist structures were crucial not only for Japanese architecture, but also for all Japanese art (Paine, et. al., 1955). Shinto, or the way of the gods, was a common Japanese religion. The roots of its architecture were dated back to the origins of Japanese civilization. Shinto temples had their own unique forms. For example, the construction of the magnificent sanctuary of Ise embodied the best of Japanese traditions even though different aesthetic simplicity that drew the most ancient forms of architecture (Paine, et. al., 1955). Plans for a larger number of Shinto Shrines acquired mature form only in the VIII because at that time Japan was already under deep influence of Buddhism, which led to the close connection between two religions in the history of architecture. Thus, the temple Toshogu Shrine in Nikko, the mausoleum of the first Shogun Tokugawa, looks, as a Buddhist structure at first glance because of the thin ornament, though it is Shinto. Outline1 Shinto Temples2 The Overall Layout of Shinto Temples3 Buddhist Architecture4 Buddhist Complex Layout5 Japanese temple-monastery originally consisted of seven elements: Shinto Temples Shinto was formed long before the acquisition by the Japanese written language and had no sacred books of the prophets or the founders of the doctrine (Metevelis, 2002). There is no doctrine itself, which is a characteristic of paganism. In Shinto Gods, or kami in Japanese (which literally means the one who is above), were everything that could have a soul. Later, a certain dogmatic base was made up because of the influence of Buddhism. Animist religion worships not only anthropomorphic deities, but also attributed elements of nature, especially certain mountains and trees that inspire awe. Early shrines did not have the monumental architecture of late Shinto structures. For some shrines like the sanctuary Miwa (Nara Prefecture) and Kanasana (Saitama Prefecture) the main object of worship was a mountain. Even today they do not have a building that could be attributed to as main hall (honden). They are enclosures that are considered sacred sites. This is usually a rectangular area covered by pebbles, surrounded by stones and by a bunch of straw, which connects the four corner posts. Indeed, the center of the sanctuary Miwa is a massive rock on Mount Miwa. Sometimes in the middle of such a sacred place there is a stone (Iwasaki), or pole, or a tree (himorogi). At the base of the mountain is a small hall for worship (hayden) and Torii specific poles and gates, that mark the Shinto shrine. .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .postImageUrl , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:hover , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:visited , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:active { border:0!important; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:active , .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff1755934b85ee5d6204a199c38a937b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History atomic bomb EssayThe existing complex had shrines constructed in order to pray the gods for a bountiful harvest, or to express gratitude for good crops. These earliest places of worship shrines prototypes were found in the center of the village or near mountains, boulders and other places where, as people believed, gods lived. These shrines were simple pits considered to be the guardians of life and prosperity. Their original design featured a temporary nature. Their form was unknown, but one can assume that they were similar to the shrines Mikos, transported on poles during the holidays in honor to increase harvest. For example, placement of sanctuaries Kasuga a nd Camo on the rocks suggests that they originally were there (Rynolds, 2001). The Overall Layout of Shinto Temples There is tendency for all Shinto temples layout. An important part of Shinto religious architecture is the gates to the temple called Torii (Japanese Architecture, 2009). Torii are arches, resembling a Greek letter ? with two beams. The upper beam is longer and slightly concave than the other one. Previously, they were built only of wood and always painted in red. They were followed by a steam statue Korean dogs that suppressed evil spirits. A common Shinto temple complex consisted of two or more buildings. The main building designed for kami was called honden. A hall for prayers was called hayden; this was the place for an altar (Japanese Architecture, 2009). In the main room there was Xingtai (literally it means the body of Kami). It was believed that the soul was infused in Xingtai kami. Body of kami could be a stone, a tree branch, a mirror, a sword, or a wooden plaque on which is written the name this god. Besides the two main buildings of the temple complex, there could be included other auxiliary structures such as a hall for offerings, sinsendze (a place for making sacred food), syamuse (a space for an audience), haraidze (a place for spells), kaguraden (a stage for dancing), etc. There were special pools for ritual washing of mouth and hands between Torii and honden. Buddhist Architecture In mid VI century Japan established as a state. At the same time, Buddhism has spread in the country a world religion that came to Japan from China via Korea. Buddhism became the vehicle of not only the new ideology of society, but also new forms of art (Slessor, 2001). The penetration of Buddhism into Japan, which was connected so important to the medieval art of human perception of unity of spirit and flesh, heaven and earth, was reflected in the development of Japanese art, particularly architecture. Buddhism brought to Japan not only new architectural forms, but also new technology development. This brought development of a special layout of the temple complex for Japanese temple construction. The most important technical innovation was the construction of stone foundations. In ancient Shinto buildings, the whole weight of the building was from dug into the ground in piles, which, naturally, limited the size of buildings (Cram, n.d.). Starting from the Asuka period (552-645), ro of with curved surfaces and raised angles were spreading. Today it is impossible to imagine Japanese temples and pagodas curved roofs from the Asuka period. Buddhist Complex Layout Buddhist temple complexes differed in layout depending on whether they were built in the mountains or the plains. Those temples that were built on the plains had symmetrical arrangement of buildings. Temples that were built in the mountainous terrains were not symmetrical. Therefore, architects had to find a concrete solution every time to the most convenient arrangement of buildings of the temple complex (Coaldrake, 1996). Japanese temple-monastery originally consisted of seven elements: External Gate (Samoan) Principal, or Golden Hall (Kondo) Hall for sermons (Kodo) Drum or Bell Tower (coronal or suro) Repository sutras (Kedzie) Treasury (sesoin) and, finally, Tiered pagoda. .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .postImageUrl , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:hover , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:visited , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:active { border:0!important; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:active , .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udf313efec7843bab7a0f45abedced96a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Forgiveness EssayCovered galleries along with the temple gates often represented a notable architecturally separate building. The complex also included living quarters for monks and a dining hall. Conclusion Architecture of temples in Japan reflects the historical development of the state. Temples of Shintoism and Buddhism influenced each other from the beginning. The construction of temples was rethinking in the visual-sensual form of the major tenets of doctrine. Shinto gods led nature and the fate people while Buddhism provided peace in the country. Above all, a temple had to symbolize a house of God, and the architects did everything in order to deliver these feelings to peole. First building of temples was concentrated on large size and strength. Later they had more artfully decorated interior and exterior details. The development of religious thought and spreading the faith is closely connected with the construction of temples. Also, depending on the type of governments, ruling in a given period, the temple complex bore those imprints. The protection of a supreme class partly determined stylistic characteristics of the buildings in the monastery ensemble. Thereafter, when the country is actually ruled by the military class, the church was inclined to trend higher decoration of external and internal parts of the structure.